Soil compaction as one of the dangerous effects for sustainable landuse has already resulted in more than 30 Mha of compacted subsoils in Europe. The weight of machinery used on arable land is still increasing and may cause even more intense soil deterioration.
Although many of the effects of subsoil compaction and ways how to prevent it are known in principle, processes like stress and strain propagation, their intensity and determination in soils, modelling of coupled hydraulic and mechanical processes, consequences of subsoil compaction like reduced aeration and rootability, increased surface runoff and soil erosion by water and wind, soil homogenisation, structure deterioration, and yield decline are still under discussion. In addition, the aspect of distribution of compacted soils world wide and their degree of compactness are still unkonwn. - Experts from more than 30 countries out of 4 continents discussed about the distribution, processes, and consequences of subsoil compaction during 3 international workshops partly sponsored by the European Union.
The book will give an overview about the state of knowledge in the various countries, detailed information about some new theoretical approaches and it also defines specific methods, tools and database configurations in order to support the various organisations, decision makers, farmers and scientists to deal with the problem of subsoil compaction more precisely.

R. Horn, Introductory remarks

R. Horn, Preface

J.Arvidsson, A. Trautner & J.J.H. van den Akker
Subsoil compaction - risk assessment and economic consequences

T. Baumgartl, J. Rostek & R. Horn
Internal and external stresses affecting the water retention curve

P.D. Hallett, A.R. Dexter, N.R.A. Bird & J.P.K. Seville
Scaling of the structure and strength of soil aggregates

K.H. Hartge
The effect of soil deformation on physical soil properties - A discourse on the common background -

R. Horn & J. Rostek
Subsoil compaction processes - state of knowledge

A. Paz & J. Guérif
Influence of initial packing density, water content and load applied during compaction on tensile strength of dry soil structural units

B.P. Warkentin
Clay surface changes on soil compaction

P. Weisskopf, U. Zihlmann, C. Wiermann, R. Horn, Th. Anken & E. Diserens
Influences of conventional and onland-ploughing on soil structure

T.R. Way, T. Kishimoto, E.C. Burt & A.C. Bailey
Soil-tire interface pressures of a low aspect ratio tractor tire

J.J.H. van den Akker, Preface

A.K. Gruber
Water movement forecasting model in soils under compaction

C.E. Johnson, A.C. Bailey & W.A. Foster, Jr.
Soft soil behavior

A.J. Koolen & J.J.H. van den Akke
On the use of agricultural soil data required in soil deformation models

A.M. Mouazen & M. Neményi
Finite element modelling of subsoiling processes

J.H.M. Wösten
The HYPRES database of hydraulic properties of European soils

Jie Zhuang, Guirui Yu, Tsuyoshi Miyakazi & Keiichi Nakayama
Modeling effect of compaction on soil hydraulic properties - A NSCM scaling method for saturated hydraulic conductivity -

C. Simota, J. Lipiec, E. Dumitru & S. Tarkiewicz
SIBIL - A simulation model for soil water dynamics and crop yield formation considering soil compaction effects - Model description -

A. Trautner, H. Fleige, J.J.H. van den Akker, J. Arvidsson, R. Horn & K. Pedersen
Structure, development and use of a database about soil physical and mechanical properties and crop response as related to subsoil compaction

B.G. Richards, T. Baumgartl & R. Horn
Modelling coupled processes in structured unsaturated soils - Theory and examples -

P. Febo, F. Lucurelli & D. Pessina
Soil-tyre interaction parameters influencing soil compaction - A study of contact area prediction models -

J. Arvidsson, Preface

L. Alakukku
Response of annual crops to subsoil compaction in a field experiment on clay soil lasting 17 years

P. Bazzoffi & S. Pellegrini
Stratification of soil compaction, structure decay and soil erosion as influenced by urban refuse compost and low-pressure tractor tyres

H.H. Becher
Influence of soil heterogeneity and water tension on the penetration resistance of aggregates from loess-derived soils

M. Berli, B. Kulli, W. Attinger & R. Schulin
Subsoil compaction of agricultural land by heavy construction machinery - Soil mechanical aspects -

H. Boizard, G. Richard, M. Brancourt-Hulmel & J. Guérif
Effect of cropping systems on change in bulk density, penetration resistance and hydraulic conductivity in subsoil

A. Castrignanò, M. Maiorana & F. Fornaro
Evaluation of mechanical impedance of a silty clay soil in two soil tillage systems in Southern Italy

Cs. Farkas, Cs. Gyuricza, P. László & M. Birkás
Study of the influence of soil tillage on soil water regime

H. Fleige & R. Horn
Field experiments on the effect of soil compaction on soil properties, runoff, interflow and erosion

J.L. Hernanz & V. Sánchez-Girón
Compaction effects due to field traffic on soil properties and the response of different crops in three tillage systems

B. Kulli, M. Berli, M. Gysi, R. Schulin & H. Flühler
Subsoil compaction on agricultural land by heavy construction machinery - Soil physical aspects -

O. Larink & St. Schrader
Rehabilitation of degraded compacted soil by earthworms

F. Moreno, F. Pelegrin, J.E. Fernández, J.M. Murillo & I.F. Girón
Influence of climatic conditions on soil physical properties under traditional and conservation tillage

M. Pagliai, S. Pellegrini, N. Vignozzi, S. Rousseva & O. Grasselli
The quantification of the effect of subsoil compaction on soil porosity and related physical properties under conventional to reduced management practices

V.A. Snyder, J. Rivadeneira & H.M. Lugo
Temporal changes in soil structure and hydraulic properties in the plow layer of an Oxisol (Orthic Ferralsol) following tillage

A. Velykis
Effect of subsoiling on agrophysical properties of compacted clay loam soil

W.B. Voorhees
Long-term effect of subsoil compaction on yield of maize

C. Wiermann & R. Horn
Effect of different tillage systems on the recovery of soil structure following a single compaction event

W.C.T. Chamen, Preface

M. Birkás, T. Szalai, C. Gyuricza, M. Jolánkai & M. Gecse
Subsoil compaction problems in Hungary

A. Canarache
Review of research on subsoil compaction of pedogenic origin in Romania: Extent, effects, remediation

W.C.T. Chamen
The impact of tillage practices on the soil and wider environment, with particular regard to arable cropping in England

E. Fulajtár
Assessment and determination of the compacted soils in Slovakia

S. Rousseva, T. Mitova, K. Stoinev & I. Dimitrov
Studies on subsoil compaction by tillage and traffic in Bulgaria: A review

F.R. Zaidelman
The impact of deep loosening on physical properties and fertility of heavy-textured gleyed soils

E. Nugis & J. Kuht
Subsoil compaction in Estonia

M. O´Sulivan, Preface

J.B. Dawidowski, J.E. Morrison & M. Snieg
Determination of soil precompaction stress from in situ tests

E.V. Shein
Spatial and temporal variability of soil density, water content and water retention curve

G. Spoor
Compaction characteristics of swelling clay subsoils

S. Tarkiewicz & J. Lipiec
Methods for simultaneous recording of stresses and displacements in soil under wheels of agricultural machinery

F.G.J. Tijink & J.P. van der Linden
Engineering approaches to prevent subsoil compaction in cropping systems with sugar beet

Per Schjønning
Proposing drop-cone penetration as a mean of estimating soil internal friction and cohesion

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